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Bias in Artificial Intelligence: Risks and Solutions
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have become important tools that support decision-making proces...
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have become important tools that support decision-making proces...
The electronic communications sector is of vital importance today, enabling individuals and institut...
The EU has announced its 16th Russia Sanction Package. It appears that other countries are preservin...
With the entry into force of Article 26/1 of the Industrial Property Law No. 6769 (“IP Law”) on Janu...
In line with Turkey's 2053 Net Zero Emission target, the first Climate Law proposal came to the Turk...
At first glance, innovation and regulation often appear to be in conflict. In the AI sector, this te...
With the publication of the European Union's New Product Liability Directive No. 2024/2853 (“Directi...
With the Communiqué on the Maintenance of Commercial Ledgers Not Related to the Accounting of the En...
In the meeting dated January 16, 2025 (Decision No. 353), the Advertising Board (“Board”) conducted ...
Remote and other flexible working arrangements have become increasingly important after the Covid-19...
Turkey preserves keeping a firm grip on declared bunkers on vessels that enter Turkish waters. As ma...
Articles 121 and 122 of the Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102 (“TCC”) stipules important provisions r...
The rapid advancement of technology and the introduction of new technological products have had a di...
The Advertising Board ("Board") has published the Advertising Board 2024 Annual Report ("Report") on...
The concept of sustainability is becoming increasingly important for companies and organisations to ...
The increasing influence of digital platforms in our daily lives has made the legal relationship bet...
The Personal Data Protection Board (“Board”) published an announcement (“Announcement”) on January 1...
Fixed-term employment contracts are employment contracts concluded between the employer and the empl...
In line with the objective of harmonization with EU legislation, several updates have been made to T...
On 12 December 2024, the European Union (“EU”) published Regulation 2024/3015 (“Regulation”) in the ...
The Communiqué (“Communiqué”) on Administrative Fines Applicable in 2025 Pursuant to Article 77 of t...
Advertisements are powerful communication tools designed to reach target audiences by creatively com...
IndustriAll Europe is a leading organization representing workers in manufacturing, energy, and mini...
In its most basic definition, artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the theory and development of c...
At the Advertising Board (“Board”) meeting numbered 350 and dated 08.10.2024, one of the prominent t...
The Law on the Amendment of the Consumer Protection Law and Certain Laws was passed by the General A...
The Communiqué Amending the Communiqué on the Payments to be made by Joint Stock and Limited Liabili...
With the addition of a new provision to the relevant article of the Regulation on the Sale of Refurb...
Direct selling is a sales mechanism in which a consumer good or service is sold directly to the cons...
In the Board meeting dated June 11, 2024 and numbered 346 published by the Advertisement Board ("Boa...
In Germany, the pharmacy chain DM-Drogerie Markt GmbH & Co. KG (DM) advertised the disinfectant "Bio...
Significant amendments to the Turkish Commercial Code ("TCC") and the Law on the Protection of Consu...
Pursuant to the “Announcement” dated 20.03.2024 published by the Advertisement Board (“Board”), it w...
The Decision Amending the Decision on Determination of Companies Subject to Independent Audit ("Deci...
Following the 342nd session of the Advertising Board ("the Board") which addressed the reinforcement...
The Communiqué on the Obligation to Sell Gluten-Free Food Products ("Communiqué") was published in t...
The Communiqué ("Communiqué") amending the Communiqué on the Decree No. 32 Regarding the Protection ...
The European Central Bank (“ECB”) is preparing for a new era in the financial world with its work on...
With the Communiqué on Redetermination of Minimum Shareholders' Equity Amounts of Payment and Electr...
Introduction The importance of technological products in our lives has been increasing in recent ...
Turkish citizens living abroad have applied to the Personal Data Protection Authority ("Authority") ...
The Advertising Board (“Board”) has released the "Research Report on Digital Advertising and Unfair ...
The drone, which literally means a male bee buzzing around, is a type of unmanned aerial vehicle (“U...
Presidential Decision No. 7887 ("Decision"), regarding the increase of the minimum capital amount fo...
On 2 November 2023, the Law on Renting Houses for Tourism Purposes and Amendments to Certain Laws ("...
The Constitutional Court’s (“Court”) Decision dated 12.07.2023 and with application number 2019/3411...
In the Official Gazette dated 6th of October 2023, Constitutional Court Decision with the applicatio...
At the Advertising Board (“Board”) meeting numbered 337 held on 12.09.2023, the Board ("Board") exam...
Joint stock and limited liability companies act through representatives in order to fulfil their com...
At the meeting dated 08.08.2023 and numbered 336 held by The Advertising Board ("Board") rendered va...
Turkey is recognised as a prominent destination in the world in terms of health tourism. By providin...
Ads Containing Health Claims Made by Social Media Influencers In today's digital era, advertising...
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA"), the agency of the United States Department of Health ...
The Cosmetic Products Regulation ("Regulation") published in the Official Gazette dated 08.05.2023 a...
Instagram Posts Not Conforming to the Guideline Today, conducting advertising activities through...
With the Regulation on the Use of Health Claims in Foods and Food Supplements ("Health Claim Regulat...
In accordance with the Regulation on Turkish Food Codex Nutrition Claims ("Regulation") published in...
In accordance with the decision of the Information Technologies and Communication Authority (“ITCA”...
What is Personal Data Breach? The definition of “Personal Data Breach” is not clearly defined in ...
With the Amendment of Income Tax Law and Certain Laws and Decree Laws ("Law") published in the Offic...
The regulations regarding the Retirement Age Victims ("EYT") have been expected to be enacted for a ...
Administrative fines regulated in Article 18 of the Personal Data Protection Law (“KVKK”) have been ...
Land transportation is one of the most used and preferred types of transportation in the world. For ...
Pursuant to Law No. 6698 on the Personal Data Protection Law (“Law”), the data controller, which mea...
New criteria for the companies to be subject to independent audit within the scope of the "Decision ...
The new regulation published in the Turkish Official Gazette on 18.10.2022 has introduced significan...
In recent years the global crises the world is going under have brought to light its negative effect...
In the Official Gazette dated October 18, 2022 and numbered 31987, the “Law on Amendments to the Pre...
THe Regulation on Amendment to the Regulation on Consumer Credit Contracts was published in the offi...
Regulation on Amendment to the Regulation on Housing Finance Contracts was published in the Official...
All provisions of the Law on the Amendment of the Law on the Protection of Consumers and the Condomi...
New Regulation on the Account Books and Records to be Kept by Sports Clubs ("Regulation") entered in...
With the Regulation on Opening a Business and Working Licenses (“Regulation”), published in the Offi...
The Board's Decision dated 23.12.2021 and numbered 2021/1303 on the processing of personal data by t...
With the "Regulation Amending the Regulation on Distance Contracts" ("Regulation"), which came into ...
It is evident that many of the claims brought before the Personal Data Protection Board (“the Board”...
The Board's Decision dated 16.12.2021 and numbered 2021/1258 on the unlawful processing of personal ...
The Board's decision dated 24.02.2022 and numbered 2022/172 on requesting sensitive personal data fr...
The Board's Decision dated 18.01.2022 and numbered 2022/31 on the processing of personal data for th...
The Personal Data Protection Board "("Board"") has published its decisions regarding the complaints ...
The Turkish Personal Data Protection Authority (“The Authority”) has published the Draft Guidelines ...
The Law on Amending the Law on the Regulation of Electronic Commerce (“Law”) was adopted by the Turk...
Since there is no particular legislative regulation on the personal data processing through the cook...
On Wednesday, June 15, 2022, the "Law on Amending the Environmental Law and Some Laws" was published...
Data processing activities carried out through cookies have been shaped in the line with the decisio...
Presidential Decision amending Decision No. 2017/9901 on the Pricing of Medicines for Human Use (“Pr...
We are proud to declare that 8 different sale and purchase transactions have been succesfully comple...
With the Decision ("Decision") dated 22.02.2022 and application numbered 2019/12190, published in th...
With the Regulation Amending the Regulation on the Implementation of the Turkish Citizenship Law (“R...
In recent years, with the rapid spread of the use of social media, advertising activities have start...
With the decision (“Decision”) dated 10.03.2022 and application numbered 2018/11988, published in th...
The Banking Regulation and Supervision Board (“BDDK”) Decision numbered 10165 and dated 21.04.2022 ...
In the recruitment processes, the use of tests to determine whether employee candidates have the abi...
Hull and Machinery insurance does not provide cover for loss of or damage to the vessel caused by wa...
With the “Communiqué Amending the Communiqué No. 32 on the Protection of the Value of Turkish Curren...
“The Law on the Evaluation of Immovable Property Owned by the Treasury and the Amendment to the Valu...
The draft of a new Digital Markets Act has been proposed to European Parliament and Council on 15.12...
With the Decision (“Decision”) dated 22.02.2022 and application numbered 2019/1450, published in the...
Repatriation is one of the obligations of the ship owners which arises with the termination of the e...
The legislative proposal dated February 02, 2022 which envisages amendments to the Turkish Penal Cod...
According to the Article 58/4(ç) of the Turkish Industrial Property Law (“IPL”), which refer to Arti...
Decisions about “Collection, Storage and Use of Personal Data in the Context of Particular Fields” ...
Decisions about “Storage and Use of Personal Data in the Context of Health” The European Court of...
With the decision (“Decision”) published by the Turkish Constitutional Court on 11.02.2022, it was r...
The Turkish Competition Authority amended the turnover thresholds for the merger control in Turkey. ...
Decisions About “Interception of Communications, Phone Tapping and Secret Surveillance” The Europ...
Decisions About “Disclosure of Personal Data” The European Court of Human Rights (“Court”) refers...
Decisions About “Access to Personal Data” It is observed that the decisions of the European Court...
The 9th Chamber of the Turkish Court of Cassation has issued a ruling numbered E. 2021/9540, K. 2021...
As we addressed in a previous article, Non-Fungible Tokens (“NFTs”) are unique assets that have emer...
With the 6 December 2021 announcements by the MMDA, some explanations were made about domestic and i...
The Regulation on Operating Principles of Digital Banks and Banking as a Service (“Regulation”) was ...
Article 20 of the Turkish Environmental Code numbered 2872 stipulates administrative fines for the ...
Following the latest developments in the Fintech sector, new Regulation on Payment Services and Elec...
Debtor's Right to Consensual Sale of Seized Property On Tuesday, November 30, 2021, the Law numbe...
Studies on the determination of specialized courts in the courts of original jurisdiction have been ...
The General Communiqué on Tax Procedure Law No. 533 which about the Revaluation Rate for 2021 was pu...
‘The Regulation on the Carrying of Dangerous Freights through Seaway and Loading Safety’’ has been p...
A non-fungible token (“NFT”) is a type of cryptocurrency that has emerged in the wake of the rapid d...
Several changes have been made in the regulations regarding “Authorized Establishments,” (primarily ...
Copyright Protection of Advertising Films In the face of developing technology, a common question...
Covid-19 vaccination studies have yielded positive results and the rate of people vaccinated in many...
On September 16, 2021, the Personal Data Protection Authority published the “Guidance on Matters to ...
Temporary employment relationship; it is an assignment based on a tripartite relationship between th...
As a general practice before Turkish Courts, compensation claims of a non-Turkish flagged vessel cre...
WhatsApp Inc., which has made an overwhelming impression, has recently been the subject of various i...
The Personal Data Protection Board (“the Board”) has recently made an exemplary decision that contai...
Turkish Ministry of Internal Affairs published the Circular on 20.08.2021, which imposes PCR obligat...
The ‘Guideline on the Implementation of the Regulation regarding Sales, Advertisement and Promotion ...
Since the beginning of COVID-19- outbreak, many legislative amendments had to be made and numerous m...
Fault Assessment in Infringement of Intellectual and Artistic Works Pursuant to the Code No. 5846...
“Framework Regulation on Market Surveillance and Inspection of Products” (the “Regulation”) is publ...
Turkish Data Protection Board (“Board”) announced that the letter of undertaking application was su...
The Personal Data Protection Board (“the Board”) has published three recent decisions. Decision No....
At what point does the maintenance of public order outweigh the need to guarantee recognition and en...
It is particularly difficult in Turkish practice to receive an in favour decision for owners of the ...
Medical Device Regulation and In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Device Regulation, in harmonized with EU r...
It must be a cultural problem, that we in Turkey have the tendency to hold concrete values superior ...
Within the scope of the new Covid-19 measures, the Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency (“TM...
Turkish Advertisement Board has recently published The Guide on Commercial Advertisement and Unfair ...
The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (“MAF”) created a new Guide (the “Guide”) dated 20.04.2021 ...
As it is known, in order for an idea and artistic work to be considered as a work within the scope o...
The Personal Data Protection Board (“Board”) issued its decision dated 18.02.2020 and no. 2020/138 r...
The Ministry of Internal Affairs issued a circular on 27.04.2021 with new Covid-19 measures and a fu...
The issue of whether a choice of foreign law would be valid between Turkish real persons and/or lega...
The new Regulation on Remote Work, (“Regulation”) has come into force as of 10.03.2021 and has been ...
Turkish Personal Data Protection Board announced on 11th March 2021 that the deadlines determined fo...
What are the Requirements for the Work to be protected under the copyright law in Turkey? In Turk...
The General Product Safety Regulation, has come into force as of 12.03.2021, was published in the Of...
The Personal Data Protection Board (“Board”) issued its decision dated 30.01.2020 and no. 2020/71 re...
Turkish Constitutional Court (“Court”) issued its decision no.2018/31036 regarding the termination o...
The Personal Data Protection Board issued its decision dated 27.01.2020 and no. 2020/59 regarding th...
The Personal Data Protection Board issued its decision dated 03.09.2020 and no.2020/667 regarding th...
Turkey is one of the top countries in terms of IP filing activities. According to the World Intellec...
According to Article 102 of the Turkish Commercial Code numbered 6102, an agency means a person who ...
Last year, many legislative amendments were made in the field of health due to Covid-19. As welcomin...
On January 4, 2021, Whatsapp Inc., the most widely used digital messaging application of Turkey, ann...
Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency (“TMMDA”) has recently introduced amendments to the ‘Re...
Strict rules have been introduced in the processing and use of Personal Data within the scope of the...
Turkish Constitutional Court (“Court”) issued its decision no.2017/14907 regarding a rightful termin...
The portfolio compensation demand (also known as equalization demand) is legislated as one of the co...
On the Official Gazette dated 4.12.2020 numbered 31324 “Regulation on Processing of Personal Data an...
As the new regulations on the legislation concerning social media platforms and online services comm...
Under Turkish law, there is no specific legislation in force that directly governs product liability...
The Turkish government has recently passed the new regulations on the legislation concerning social ...
1. Legal Framework Currently, there is no in-force specific regulation that directly governs prod...
Time frame How long does it take, in general, to obtain an authorisation from application to grant,...
According to the Announcement regarding Signing of the Articles of Association in the Trade Registry...
The health claims for foods and food supplements were regulated by the Ministry of Agriculture and F...
During the normalization steps are taken in all areas which have been under the effect of COVID-19, ...
As the novel coronavirus called COVID-19, which has been spreading uncontrollably and sweeping acros...
Healthcare Funding 1-) In general terms, how is healthcare, including access to medicines and med...
As COVID-19 outbreak has occurred in Wuhan in China and started to affect the daily life of the peop...
As it is known, the COVID-19 pandemic affects the whole world dramatically in all aspects, both gove...
Two new regulations covering the areas of cinema sector, shooting permits, and co-productions were p...
Coronavirus -also known as COVID-19- outbreak which has occurred in Wuhan in China, has been and kee...
In our article dated 22.04.2020 in respect of COVID-19 effects on the arrest of ships in Turkey, it ...
The humankind has been facing one of the most horrible disasters of history: the new coronavirus (“C...
Pursuant to the Article 9 of the Law on Personal Data Protection No.6698 (“Law No.6698”), personal d...
The COVID-19, a new type of Coronavirus, has spread aggressively to many countries around the world ...
As the novel Covid-19 pandemic has dramatic consequences for economy and business, it is currently f...
On 25.03.2020, The Grand National Assembly of Turkey enacted the Law numbered 7226 for the amendment...
The Grand National Assembly of Turkey has introduced a new legislation on product liability and safe...
As the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to spread across the world, nations worldwide hav...
Introduction The new Regulation on Food Irradiation Treated with Ionising Radiation (“Regulation”...
Producers of tobacco market in Turkey is becoming acquainted with a number of amendments and new reg...
Changing the career framework policy may be a subject for global companies which are trying to estab...
1. Introduction Recent debates in Turkey between some of Turkish motion picture producers and a f...
The payments in foreign currencies or indexed foreign currency have been prohibited on September 13,...